Water pumps and dewatering systems are pieces of water control equipment that use pumping or evaporation to remove or drain water from construction sites, riverbeds, mine shafts, underground metro networks, tunnels, caissons and even residential buildings.

Many sites rely on these systems during the rainy season, during periods of heavy rain, or for sites in flood zones, because groundwater and rain can flood an entire site in a matter of hours, causing delays, surface erosion, structural damage, downtime and other issues.

Water pumps are also utilized to transfer wastewater to sewage treatment plants.

Modern water pumps are normally driven by electricity, but diesel or gasoline engines are also utilized.

In some distant settings, such as deserts, solar panels may be utilized to power small pumps.

Positive displacement pumps, centrifugal pumps, jet pumps and submersible pumps are all types of water pumps.

Some systems are installed to run continuously as a long-term solution, ready to go at a moment’s notice, whereas others are used intermittently or on a short-term basis (as equipment or service hire), typically after water penetration or damage has occurred.

What do water pumps do?

A water pumping system’s primary function is to transport water from one point to another.

They are commonly employed on construction sites as a sort of water extraction, assisting in the removal of water when excavating, at sewage plants, in flooded areas, or when dealing with water wells and oil wells.

Water pumps, on the other hand, are not confined to building sites; they can also be utilized to assist in dewatering residential, industrial, or commercial properties.

What are the different types of water pumps?

Pumps are divided into two types

Dynamic pumps

Positive displacement pumps

Dynamic pumps

Dynamic pumps are categorized into various types which include the following:

Centrifugal pumps

A centrifugal pump is a mechanical device that transports fluid by transferring rotational energy from one or more impellers, which are powered rotors.

Fluid enters the quickly rotating impeller along its axis and is expelled along its circle by centrifugal force via the vane tips.

The impeller’s movement increases the fluid’s velocity and pressure while also guiding it to the pump output.

The pump casing is custom-made to compress fluid at the pump inlet, direct it into the impeller and then slow and control the fluid before discharge.

Centrifugal pumps are the most used pump type in the world, due to their simple working principles and relatively inexpensive manufacturing cost.

And it has 3 types

1-Axial flow

2-Mixed flow

3-Peripheral flow

Vertical Centrifugal Pump

This pump has a high flow rate and is powered by a direct-drive motor.

These pumps are ideal for transferring chemicals at high speeds.

This pump’s open impeller allows for the passage of even the dirtiest liquids.

The maximum thickness and temperature for these pumps are listed below.

These pumps are also known as cantilever pumps because they use a single shaft as well as a bearing support arrangement to allow the volute to fall into the water sump, with the bearings located on the sump’s outside.

This pump closes the shaft with a throttle bushing and is used in a parts washer.

Horizontal Centrifugal Pump

This pump is primarily intended to transfer fluid at a high rate using a direct drive motor.

This pump provides efficient liquid flow with minimal effort.

Because of the high performance of this pump, it is tightly sealed and environmentally protected.

This pump’s features, such as superior products and high-quality materials, will provide long-term performance.

This pump offers a cost-effective solution for a variety of dependable water applications and installation and maintenance are simple.

Submersible Pumps

These pumps are also known as septic, sewage and stormwater pumps.

These pumps are used in industrial, residential, commercial, municipal, rural and rainwater recycling applications.

These pumps are primarily used to provide water such as storm, bore water, subsoil, black, trade waste, sewage, grey, rain, chemicals and foodstuffs.

Submersible pumps have impellers that include contra-block, closed, grinder, multi-stage, vortex, cutter and single-channel pumps.

The selection of these pumps for various types is primarily determined by their flow capacity, which includes low flow, high flow, low-head and high-head.

Fire pumps

Fire pumps, fire water pumps and hydrant boosters are other names for these pumps.

These types of water pumps are high-force pumps that are primarily used to improve the ability of buildings to fight fires by increasing the strength of the hydrant service when mains are insufficient.

These systems are used in a variety of applications, including water transfer and irrigation.

Positive displacement pumps

Positive displacement pumps are divided into several types, some of which are listed below

Diaphragm Pumps

Diaphragm pumps are used in a variety of industries that handle a wide range of liquids.

These pumps are positive displacement because their supply rates are not greatly affected by pressure or discharge head.

These pumps are primarily used to move liquids with high, low, or medium viscosities, as well as high solids content.

They can also handle acids because they have a variety of diaphragms and body materials.

Gear Pumps

This pump uses a gear arrangement to push liquid by one revolution. These pumps are commonly used to push high-thickness liquids in hydraulic liquid power applications as well as in chemical equipment.

There are two types of gear pumps: inside and outside. Inside gear, pumps use both inside and outside spur gears, while outside gear pumps use two outside spur gears.

These pumps are either fixed displacement or positive displacement, which means they supply a constant amount of liquid with each rotation. Some pumps are primarily intended to function as a motor rather than a pump.

Peristaltic Pumps

This is one type of PD pump that is used to push various types of liquids.

These pumps are also known as roller pumps or tubing pumps.

These pumps can move a variety of fluids, including those used in the chemical transfer, pharmaceutical processing and wastewater treatment.

This pump has a one-of-a-kind design that includes a drive system.

When the rollers in this system turn, they reduce and discharge flexible tubing.

The squeezing action creates a vacuum, which draws liquid through the tubing.

These pumps are gentle and their low-shear pumping action makes them ideal for handling live cells, large proteins and other sensitive fluids.

Lobe Pumps

A lobe pump is a type of PD pump that is like a gear pump except for the lobes that are designed to almost touch to turn each other.

The roots blower, which blows ignition air to dissolve iron within blast furnaces but is now used as an engine supercharger, is the best example of this pump.

These pumps are used in industries such as pulp and paper, food, chemical, beverage, biotechnology and pharmaceuticals.

They have excellent hygienic qualities, dependability, high efficiency and high-quality CIP (clean-in-place) and SIP (steam-in-place) features.

Piston Pumps

A piston pump is a type of PD pump in which the high force seal is responded to by the piston.

Piston pumps are used to push fluids and squeeze gases. Piston pumps can handle a wide range of forces.

Because they contain hard particles, piston pumps work with viscous media.

These pumps are commonly used in reliable force as well as water irrigation and other delivery systems.

Ground Dewatering pumps

A dewatering pump is a centrifugal pump that is used to remove water from various locations.

The pump can be used on construction sites, in tunnels and mines and in buildings where unwanted water needs to be removed.

The type of dewatering pump used is determined by the media being pumped.

If you need to remove water with abrasives, use a drainage pump with a strainer to keep larger stones out of the pump.

The dewatering sludge pump is the best option for removing water with solids.

High Head Pumps

High-head pumps are used on sites that require uphill fluid pumping or long-distance water pumping.

Because of the heavy-duty nature of the pump and its ability to provide high-pressure water pumping, high-head pumps can typically handle higher flows.

Portable Pumps

Portable pumps are self-contained pumping units that can be transported by one or more firefighters.

They are typically centrifugal pumps powered by a small diesel or two- or four-stroke gasoline engine.

Portable pumps can be carried as stand-alone units for use away from an appliance, or they can be fixed to the deck of an appliance or trailer, or they can be carried as part of a slip-on firefighting unit designed to be carried on the back of a utility or truck.

Portable pumps typically produce less power than appliance-mounted and driven pumps.

They are frequently smaller and may not always require the standard pump gauges.

Some portable pumps are also designed as floating units with an integrated suction inlet.

Some portable high-pressure, low-volume pumps have also been used for firefighting in recent years.

Silenced Pumps

Silenced pumps get their name from the low level of noise they make when operating, making them known as silent pumps.

These pumps are frequently used on construction sites that require floodwater control, sewage applications, or excavation work.

They provide a quiet solution.

These pumps, which have soundproof canopies, reduce the running noise of a typical water pump while also providing high pump pressure.

Silenced pumps are ideal for construction sites in residential areas or work sites where noise levels must be kept to a minimum.

References

1-GZ Industrial Supplies. 2021. DIFFERENT TYPES OF WATER PUMP AND THEIR APPLICATION. [online] Available at: <https://www.gz-supplies.com/news/different-types-of-water-pump-and-their-application/> [Accessed 20 February 2022].

2-iseekplant.com.au. 2019. What is a water pump? [online] Available at: <https://blog.iseekplant.com.au/blog/what-is-a-water-pump> [Accessed 20 February 2022].

3-All Pumps Sales & Service – Leading Supplier of Industrial Pumps. 2016. Classification of pumps | All Pumps. [online] Available at: <https://allpumps.com.au/classification-of-pumps/> [Accessed 21 February 2022].