Algeria is set to invest a substantial $3 billion in the second phase of its comprehensive water desalination project, which aims to construct six additional desalination plants by 2030. This initiative is part of a larger $5.4 billion program that seeks to enhance the country’s drinking water supply in response to increasing climate-related challenges, as reported by the local news outlet Alborsaa.
This strategic investment underscores Algeria’s commitment to addressing its water scarcity issues and improving the overall quality of life for its citizens. The initiative reflects a proactive approach to water management in a region that faces significant environmental challenges.
Details of the Expansion Phase
Lotfi Zennadi, the CEO of the state-owned Algerian Energy Company, has highlighted that this second phase will follow the anticipated completion of five new desalination plants in 2024, which are part of a $2.4 billion first phase. The planned expansion is expected to significantly increase Algeria’s capacity to produce drinking water sourced from the Mediterranean Sea. Specifically, the output is projected to rise from the current 2.2 million cubic meters per day (m³/day) to an impressive 3.7 million m³/day.
This increase in capacity is crucial for ensuring a reliable supply of drinking water, particularly as the country grapples with the impacts of climate change and fluctuating rainfall patterns. The establishment of these additional plants will play a pivotal role in meeting the growing demand for potable water across the nation.
Projected Capacity and Operations
By the end of this decade, Algeria aims to have a total of 11 seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) desalination plants in operation. Each plant will have the capacity to produce up to 300,000 m³/day, collectively boosting the country’s desalination capacity to 5.8 million m³/day. This enhanced capacity is anticipated to satisfy approximately 60% of Algeria’s drinking water requirements, a significant improvement that will greatly benefit the population.
The Algerian Energy Company will oversee the operation of these plants, ensuring efficient management and maintenance. Meanwhile, the state-owned water distribution company, Algérienne Des Eaux, is set to purchase water at a cost ranging from 52 to 100 Algerian dinars per cubic meter (approximately $0.39 to $0.76/m³). This pricing structure is designed to make desalinated water accessible to the public while supporting the sustainability of the project.
Addressing Climate-Related Challenges
Algeria faces considerable climate-related challenges that complicate its water supply situation. The northern region of the country has a Mediterranean climate, characterized by variable rainfall, while the southern region is predominantly arid desert. This stark contrast leads to significant disparities in freshwater availability, primarily sourced from coastal aquifers and groundwater reserves.
Currently, existing facilities in cities such as Oran, Tipasa, Boumerdes, Bejaia, and El Tarf contribute to 18% of Algeria’s drinking water supply, producing 2.2 million m³/day. With the completion of phase one, this production is expected to increase to 3.7 million m³/day, with SWRO technology contributing 42% of the nation’s drinking water. The successful operation of the new desalination plants will further boost capacity to 5.8 million m³/day, thereby providing 60% of the country’s fresh drinking water needs.
Emphasizing Treated Wastewater Utilization
In addition to expanding desalination capacity, Algeria is also focusing on improving the use of treated wastewater. Hydraulics Minister Taha Derbal recently informed the National Defense Committee of the People’s National Assembly (APN) about the critical need to enhance the utilization of treated wastewater from purification plants. This initiative is vital for maximizing water resources in a country where agriculture heavily relies on significant water consumption.
The minister emphasized the importance of exploring the reuse of treated wastewater for both agricultural and industrial purposes. By aiming for a 60% reuse rate, Algeria can optimize its water resources, reduce pressure on freshwater supplies, and contribute to sustainable agricultural practices.
Local Production of Membranes
To further bolster its water security, Algeria is also promoting the local production of reverse osmosis membranes, which are essential for desalination processes. Currently, the country relies on imports for these critical components, but efforts are underway to establish domestic manufacturing capabilities.
The Algerian Energy Company has entered into agreements with several international membrane manufacturers to facilitate the local production of these semi-permeable membranes. This initiative not only aims to reduce dependency on foreign imports but also seeks to create jobs and stimulate economic growth within the country.
As Algeria continues to expand its desalination infrastructure, the ability to produce membranes domestically will enhance water security, support local industries, and contribute to the overall economic development of the nation. This multifaceted approach to water management positions Algeria to effectively address its water challenges while fostering sustainable growth.
Reference
1.Desalination securing Algeria’s future water security
2.Algeria to Invest $3 Billion in Water Desalination Expansion: Six New Plants by 2030
